The cloned consciousness problem.

But what’s so special about the atoms? As I say, the proponents of both of the main positions on continuity tend to accuse the other of believing in souls. So here a believer in psychological continuity would say that you are suggesting that the atoms are carrying some kind of “spirit”.

Agree that it’s tricky. As I say, we have a “common-sense” description of what continuity means and how death will be permanent, but it falls apart in all kinds of hypotheticals.

We’re faced with just a few implausible or uncomfortable possibilities:

  1. If the pattern of brain structure = continuity, then it implies we’re all immortal; it’s just a matter of time before some atoms come together into the right configuration, in this universe or another. And, from your perspective, this will have happened instantly.

  2. We specify that it must be the same atoms. This actually doesn’t help because we could still say that eventually the specific atoms of your brain will come back together in a heat death universe. In fact all we’ve done is add the problem of needing to explain what’s so special about my atoms.

  3. Just say that continuity is an illusion. You, me, everyone, exist for a fraction of a second only, but have the illusion of continuity by virtue of inheriting memories.