Enlightenment and football

Victoria (from the Latin for “victory”)—how pleasant this word sounds. Victoria is a highly coveted lady for many of us. Whether we like it or not, we strive for victory in all our activities. Nietzsche wrote about the “will to power” that drives the subject. Yes, victory is perhaps the best “legitimate” way to realize the will to power.

From the striving for victory, any human activity aimed at increasing one’s chances of victory seems quite consistent. One such method has always been “enlightenment”—that is, the maximum study of the subject of one’s activity (in all European languages, this word is associated with light, illuminating the darkness). This includes science—the study of recurring phenomena for the purpose of prediction—and technology—the creation of rules of conduct and tools that increase success. Such methods have always been considered honorable throughout human history: winning through technology, science, and greater order has always been worthy of praise, unlike other “dishonest” methods. So, we’ve legitimized science and technology – for the sake of victory!

Sporting competitions have always been a place where victory and the struggle for it have been the metaphysical center of every event. Therefore, the incorporation of science and technology in the name of victory in sport is absolutely fair and justified.

But let’s consider what this has led to in team sports, and in particular in Europe’s favorite sport, football. Modern approaches to analyzing player actions, experience in tactical formations, experience in selecting the right player to partner with another player, the use of big data analysis, and the use of AI have essentially made it possible to dissect this beloved game down to its very essence. Experts now know exactly which movements of an individual player will create a potentially dangerous moment, and which are excessively risky due to the potential loss of a player.

Recently, as many of you know, the Champions League final took place. I watched all 120 minutes of the game, including the penalties. And what did I see? I saw algorithms moving around the field, carrying out their instructions for the game. I saw two teams: one of them played the role of risk-free attack destroyers, and the other, risk-free attack creators. There was practically nothing pleasing to the eye throughout the entire game: an unbridled impulse to take a completely risky decision, going beyond the algorithm. As a result, we got an extremely effective, but often aesthetically poor product. Especially when two strong, well-prepared teams meet.

Essentially, it was like a FIFA computer game: units ran around the field and did what they were told – no more, no less. Yes. Victoria would be impossible without it today. But do we need this kind of football?

And more broadly: do we need a life where there is no room for uncertainty? We live in an era when the “will to power” is increasingly realized through the will to control and the will to predictability. Science and technology, originally tools for the liberation and expansion of human capabilities, are gradually becoming tools for its taming. Perhaps I’m confusing the levels, and the problem isn’t knowledge itself, but the triumph of calculation, when calculation begins to displace everything else. When victory at any cost (even at the cost of beauty and meaning) becomes the sole criterion. But when a structure no longer leaves room for genius or risk—is that a good structure?

Finally, is a leap into the unknown itself, if it’s a leap into the known?

Sport is as almost as mysterious to me as quantum mechanics. I have never seen a football game and have always disliked dividing groups into winners and losers from an early age, whether sport or a class hierarchy. This bifurcated thinking (diving reality into opposing categories) seems to me part of a more general human problem: the tendency to think all our solutions are either-or, black or white, good or bad, win-lose, etc. The gradients in between, the contradictions and ambiguities are far more interesting and worth teasing out.

As to the will to power, I don’t have much confidence in an idea that reduces human expression to a single principle. Self-overcoming aside, I do think that for some insecure people who feel they are not worthy of acceptance or love, one way to compensate might be to develop a sense of control over a family, workplace, or friendship group, or to work towards wealth and status as a way to compensate for insecurity and loneliness. But philosophically, the will to power is a less vulgar, more nuanced matter.

This is currently a popular idea, but I’m not sure about it. In my personal life, it is not true. Technology and science have been extremely beneficial to me, and I have a richer life now than I did 30 years ago. The present era for me personally is great. But of course this all depends on your state of mind and your particular situation. What do you mean by “taming”?

One reason I always liked sports is that the divide created by winning or losing is artificial and meaningless. The competition is “pure”, because sensible people all recognize that it is trivial.

Lionel Terray – perhaps the greatest of all French mountaineers – entitled his climbing memoirs Conquistadors of the Useless. We can, perhaps, indulge our competitive instincts without taking them too seriously.

Yes, largely true, and I’m thankful for such sublimations, but you can’t make yourself like something. However, there’s a broader problem with sport, and that is the level of actual violence it inspires between supporters. A friend of mine was beaten into a coma some years ago because he was on a train with the wrong team colours. We know that towns have frequently been set on fire after sports fans go off. And yes, you can argue that this is a broader problem than just sport; nevertheless, it seems to me sport can ignite conflagrations, functioning as an aphrodisiac that stimulates antisocial forms of pointless tribalism. Or something like that.

I was referring to playing sports, not being a fan. If one plays sports, one tends to watch them, because it’s educational and a vicarious thrill. “Conquistadors of the Useless” was referring to participation in mountaineering.

The tribalism of sports fandom may not be quite as intense here in the U.S. as it is on the U.K. (or Australia). Interest in professional sports here has been augmented by the legalization of on-line gambling. Of course the thrill of watching games is increased when a fan has bet a couple of hundred dollars on the result.

The Arsenal has morphed from the most attractive team in the Premiership (20 years ago) to one of the dullest. I’m not sure if this is due to sabermetrics and technology, though. When PSG played Bayern in the semis, the games were thrilling affairs. Arsenal has become a defense-first team, and the early goal intensified those tactics.

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And because it is sublimated tribalism which has deleterious effects on some spectators.

This comment does not distinguish between playing and watching. But I don’t think the distinction matters. Much sport in our culture is as much about spectators and community as it is about playing. It’s mass entertainment. But I don’t want to overstate this point, it’s just worth noting.

I get it. But “sublimated” tribalism, although not always harmless (as your friend discovered) may satisfy some basic human desire. And it’s relatively harmless, compared to nationalism, or gangs, or other modern forms of tribalism.

Fair enough. :blush: sorry to belabour the point.

Personally, I used to really love football. Until I suffered a serious injury during a game.

By the way, training, preparation, and learning new skills have always been the key to victory for me: I hone my skills through science and technology, and this gives me an advantage during the game, which allows me to defeat a clearly stronger opponent.

I found this beautiful and noble. I think most athletes would agree with me.

In this same post, I shared my doubts. My doubts aren’t about the legitimacy of this approach, but rather about the total dominance of science and technology. Modern technologies allow us to monitor a player, analyzing their readiness, condition, and other parameters holistically. Almost every coaching decision before a match, and most of a player’s decisions on the field today, are dictated not by personal risk, genius, or instinct, but by “objective utility” derived from algorithms.

Even, for example, a player’s foul in the penalty area isn’t exactly their personal fault, but a failure of the training algorithm.

I can’t objectively draw a line or pinpoint the point at which the algorithm begins to kill life. But as a spectator in this match, I saw practically nothing “human” in the past match…